Objective To evaluate the effects of different non-pharmacological interventions on postpartum depression，and to provide the evidence for the formulation of relevant intervention programs. Methods Databases，including China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI），China Biomedical Literature Database，Wanfang Database，VIP database，PubMed，EMBase，the Cochrane Library，were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials （RCT） on the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on postpartum depression. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to July 2022. Network meta-analysis was performed using Stata17.0 and Review Manager 5.3 software. Results A total of 43 studies were included，including 14 non-pharmaceutical interventions，involving 4451 parturients. The results of network meta-analysis showed that compared with the usual care group，exercise therapy[SMD=-5.41，95%CI（-6.94，-3.89），P<0.001]，cognitive behavioral therapy[SMD=-4.72， 95%CI（-6.13，-3.31），P<0.001]，acupuncture and moxibustion[SMD=-4.52，95%CI（-8.01，-1.03），P<0.001] and the comprehensive psychotherapy[SMD=-4.64，95%CI（-8.53，-0.75），P<0.001] had better improvement effects on postpartum depression. The results of the area under the cumulative rank probability map showed that exercise was the best non-pharmacological intervention to improve postpartum depression. Conclusion Exercise has the best effect on improving postpartum depression，and it is recommended that clinical nursing care should be prioritized. However，a large number of high-quality RCTs are still needed for verification.

Objective To illuminate the benefit finding experience of maintenance hemodialysis patients，and to provide a reference for promoting their mental health. Methods From March to May 2023，the purposive sampling was used to select 13 maintenance hemodialysis patients in a tertiary hospital in Shanghai for semi-structured interviews. The data were organized with the help of Nvivo software，and the Colaizzi’s seven-step method was used to analyze the data. Results 3 themes were extracted：①the search of meaning，including approved hemodialysis，the desire to live；②gaining a sense of mastery，including adjusting self-psychology，developing healthy living habits，and learning hemodialysis related behavior management；③self-enhancement，including excavating external resources and affirming self-worth. Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis patients have benefit finding experience in many aspects. Medical staff can guide patients to carry out positive psychological construction by strengthening disease knowledge education，building a psychological mutual assistance platform，forming a multidisciplinary nursing team，excavate and provide effective social support resources，and cultivate patients’ self-health management，so as to improve the level and ability of benefit finding of patients，experience positive incentives，promote physical and mental health，and improve the quality of life of hemodialysis patients.

Objective To systematically evaluate the caring experience of family caregivers of aged patients with multi-morbidity, and to provide a reference for developing individualized support strategies for family caregivers of multi-morbidity patients. Methods Qualitative studies on the caring experience of family caregivers were searched in electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, WanFang, VIP database, and CBM Database. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the databases to August 2022. The literature was evaluated using the Australian JBI Quality Evaluation Criteria for Qualitative Research in Evidence-based Health Care Centres（2016）, and the results were consolidated using an aggregative integration approach. Results A total of 10 studies were included, and 54 clear research results were extracted. The similar research results were summarized into 11 new categories, and 3 integrated results were synthesized. The caring experience has multiple effects on the caregiver’s mind, body and life；caregivers face multiple challenges；caregivers respond positively to maintain a normal life. Conclusion Medical staff should attach importance to the caring experience of family caregivers of elderly patients with multi-morbidity, promote and construct a caregiver support security system, develop personalized support strategies, meet the needs of caregivers, and improve their quality of care and quality of life.

Objective To retrieve，evaluate and summarize domestic and foreign available evidence on the management of fatigue in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplant（HSCT），so as to provide references for clinical evidence-based practice. Methods We systematically searched domestic and foreign computer decision support systems，guideline websites，databases，and relevant society websites for evidence on the management of fatigue in patients with HSCT，including guidelines，clinical decision-making，recommended practices，evidence summaries，systematic reviews，and expert consensuses published from the establishment of the databases or websites to February 10，2022. There were 2 researchers who evaluated the quality of the included literature independently，and combined the professional judgement with information extraction. Results A total of 24 pieces of literature were eligible for inclusion，including 4 clinical guidelines，2 evidence summaries，1 expert consensus and 17 systematic reviews. There were 24 pieces of best evidence with 8 dimensions being summarized，namely assessment，exercise management，psychosocial interventions，health education，nutritional therapy，complementary and alternative therapies，rational drug use，and shared decision-making and multidisciplinary collaboration. Conclusion Nursing staff should pay attention to the management of fatigue in patients with HSCT，and manage patients’ fatigue in a standardized，effective，and safe way according to characteristics of clinical environment and patients’ preferences，so as to improve their prognosis and quality of life.

Objective To test the reliability and validity of the COMFORTneo Scale for postoperative pain assessment in Chinese neonates. Methods Through translation，back translation，expert review and pretest，the Chinese version of the COMFORTneo Scale was formed. 52 neonates at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a tertiary general hospital of Guangzhou were recruited from September 2021 to June 2022. Neonates were observed 7 times（preoperatively and 48 hours postoperatively），and recorded for 2 minutes at each encounter including facial expressions and body movements. 2 researchers scored the Chinese COMFORTneo Scale and the Numeric Rating Scale independently while viewing the video clips. 2 weeks later，one of the researchers randomly selected 10 of the neonates’ video clips，viewed and scored them again. The reliability and validity of the scale were evaluated. Results 48 neonates were included，with 4 dropouts. The Chinese COMFORTneo Scale was composed of alertness，calmness/agitation，respiratory response（only in mechanically ventilated neonates），crying（only in spontaneously breathing neonates），body movement，facial tension，and muscle tone（observation only）. In mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing neonates，exploratory factor analysis extracted one factor of each，and the factor cumulative variance contribution rates were 57.042% and 66.378%，respectively. The Cronbach’s α coefficients of the scale were 0.819 and 0.885；test-retest reliability was 0.977 and 0.968，respectively. The scores of the Chinese COMFORTneo Scale were significantly positively correlated with the Numeric Rating Scale（r=0.920）. The cut-off value of the Chinese COMFORTneo Scale was 15 and 20 for moderate and severe pain，respectively. Conclusion The Chinese COMFORTneo Scale had good validity and reliability when used to assess postoperative pain in neonates.

Objective To investigate the current situation of the self-compassion of clinical nurses，and to identify the potential characteristics of different types of nurses’ self-compassion and the relationship with psychological flexibility，so as to provide a reference for the development targeted psychological intervention programs for different types of clinical nurses. Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted to select 3 779 front-line clinical nurses in China in March 2022 as the survey objects. A general data questionnaire，self-compassion scale，Acceptance and Action Questionnaire（2nd edition），and cognitive integration questionnaire were used to conduct the survey. Potential profile analysis of nurses’ self-compassion characteristics was conducted by the self-compassion scale. The relationship between self-compassion characteristics and the psychological flexibility of nurses was discussed by one-way ANOVA and Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 3 579 nurses were included. The characteristics of nurses’ self-compassion could be divided into 3 categories，including the unbalanced self-compassion group（15.90%），the lower high self-compassion group（25.12%），and the medium self-compassion ability group（58.98%）. Compared of the high self-compassion group and the medium self-compassion group，nurses who had more harmonious family relationship（OR=0.812，P=0.004），higher frequency of physical exercise（OR=0.817，P<0.001），better sleep quality（OR=0.751，P<0.001） and higher frequency of participating self-compassion training（OR=0.874，P=0.019） were more likely to be classified into the high self-compassion group，while nurses with high experiential avoidance（OR=1.077，P<0.001） and cognitive integration（OR=1.020，P=0.013） were more likely to be classified into the medium self-compassion group. Compared of the imbalance group and the lower high self-compassion group，nurses who had better sleep quality（OR=0.777，P<0.001） were more likely to be classified into the high self-compassion group，while nurses who had higher experiential avoidance（OR=1.070，P<0.001） were more likely to be classified into the imbalance group. Conclusion The self-compassion of clinical nurses can be divided into 3 categories. Nursing managers can take precise psychological interventions to improve nurses’ self-compassion ability according to the psychological characteristics of different types of nursing staff，so as to promote the overall mental health of clinical nurses.

Objective To explore the effects of mindfulness intervention combined with information support on the mental health status of fathers of premature infants. Methods This study was a non-synchronous controlled trial. Convenience sampling method was used to select 70 fathers of preterm infants admitted to NICU of a tertiary A hospital in Beijing from July to October 2021 as research subjects. Fathers of preterm infants enrolled from July to August 2021 were selected as an experimental group，and those enrolled from September to October 2021 as a control group. During the hospitalization，the experimental group received mindfulness intervention and information support，and the control group received routine health education. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale，Self-rating Anxiety Scale，Perceived Stress Scale and Five-factor Mindfulness Scale were used to evaluate the incidence of depression，anxiety，stress and mindfulness of fathers before，at the end of intervention and a month after inter-vention. Results A total of 9 cases were dropped，including 4 cases in the experimental group and 5 cases in the control group. The results of generalized estimation equation or repeated measure analysis of variance showed that the incidence rate of depression，anxiety level，stress level and mindfulness level of the 2 groups at different time points were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Simple effect analysis showed that there were no significant differences in depression incidence，anxiety level，stress level and mindfulness level between the 2 groups before intervention （P>0.05）. At the end of intervention，the incidence of depression and stress level of experimental group were lower than that of the control group，and the level of mindfulness was higher than that of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. A month after intervention，the incidence of depression，anxiety level and stress level of experimental group were lower than that of the control group，while the level of mindfulness was higher than that of the control group，with statistical significance（P<0.05）. Conclusion The implementation of mindfulness intervention combined with information support can reduce the incidence of depression，improve the symptoms of anxiety and stress，and increase the level of mindfulness in fathers of premature infants，which has a positive impact on the mental health status of fathers of premature infants.

Illness perception affects the self-management behavior of patients with chronic diseases，and is closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases，patients’ mental health，quality of life，and health outcomes. This paper reviews the content，characteristics，application and limitations of illness perception assessment tools for patients with chronic diseases at home and abroad. It can provide a reference for the development and application of illness perception assessment tools for patients with various chronic diseases in China，and provide a basis for scientific assessment of illness perception levels and formulation of targeted interventions.

Objective The aim of this work is to establish the expert consensus（hereinafter referred to as“consensus”） on clinical practice of injection safety in hemodialysis,to standardize the clinical practice of injection safety in hemodialysis and ensure patient safety during hemodialysis treatments. Methods Reviewing relevant literature and evidence-based nursing,summarizing the clinical work experience of care,we seeked for the best clinical evidence of injection safety. The consensus was performed by adjusting,modifying and perfecting each entry through three-round Delphi expert consultations and discussions. Results The consensus summarizes the latest evidence in 9 aspects,including environmental,personnel,syringes,safe administration of drugs,safe use of disinfectants,nursing practices on vascular access,specimen collection,medical waste and occupational safety,which covered all the elements and links in the hemodialysis therapy. In the three-round Delphi expert consultation and discussion,the positive coefficients were all 100% and the expert authority coefficients were all 0.928. The importance assignments were 4.38,4.45 and 4.68,respectively. The experts reached a fair degree of agreement. There were significant differences in experts’ coordination coefficients in the 3 rounds（P<0.05）. Conclusion The consensus shows certain scientific natrue,and it may provide evidence for injection safety in hemodialysis therapy in China.

Objective To investigate the status quo of clinical nurses’ nutritional care competence in Anhui Province and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 863 clinical nurses were recruited from 4 general hospitals in northern,central and southern Anhui Province by convenience sampling method. They were investigated by a general information questionnaire and a nutritional care competence scale for clinical nurse. The influencing factors of clinical nurses’ nutritional care competence were analyzed through multiple linear regression. Results Totally 762 valid questionnaires were collected. The score of clinical nurses’ nutritional care competence was（235.16±44.02）;the average score of the total items was（3.73±0.70）. The scores of nutritional professional knowledge dimension and clinical nutrition assessment competence dimension were lower. Multiple liner regression showed that the working years,clinical departments,regular supervision from managers,nutrition courses during school,experience of attending nutrition classes and regular nutrition learning in nursing work were the influencing factors of the clinical nurses’ nutritional care competence（P<0.05）. Conclusion The nutritional care competence of clinical nurses needs to be improved. Nursing managers should pay attention to nutrition-related education and training,strengthen the training of nutritional professional knowledge and clinical nutrition assessment competence,perfect the regular inspection and assessment mechanism to improve the nutritional care competence of clinical nurses.

Objective To analyze the cognitive impairment and its influencing factors in patients transferred from ICU. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to investigate patients in ICU of a tertiary hospital in Fujian Province from January to August 2021. A general data questionnaire，Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire were used to collect data to clarify the occurrence of cognitive impairment in patients transferred from ICU. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive impairment. Results The incidence of cognitive impairment was 38.18%（84/220） in 220 patients who were transferred from ICU. Logistic regression analysis showed that age，education level，frequency of delirium and RCSQ score were independent influencing factors of cognitive impairment in patients transferred from ICU（P<0.05）. Conclusion Patients transferred from ICU have a high incidence of cognitive impairment，which is affected by a variety of factors. During clinical practice，nursing staff should pay attention to high-risk patients，and actively explore effective preventive measures to reduce the incidence of cognitive impairment.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of different types of exercise in improving the dialysis adequacy of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods The databases of PubMed，Cochrane Library，Embase，Web of Science，WanFang，CNKI，VIP，and CBM were searched for the articles related to the effectiveness of exercise on the dialysis adequacy of patients undergoing hemodialysis，from inception to 1st January，2022. After literature screening and data extraction，Cochrane risk of bias tool 2.0 was used for quality evaluation. RevMan 5.3 and STATA 16.0 software were used for statistical analysis. Results 30 studies with 1 216 participants and 9 types of exercise were included. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that intradialytic combined aerobic and resistance exercise and intradialytic aerobic exercise were the top 2 types in improving the single pool clearance index on hemodialysis patients. Intradialytic aerobic exercise and intradialytic combined aerobic and resistance exercise were the top 2 types in improving the urea reduction ratio of hemodialysis patients. Conclusion The dialysis adequacy of hemodialysis patients can be improved by a variety of exercise，especially intradialytic combined aerobic and resistance exercise，and intradialytic aerobic exercise.

Objective To compare the effect of conservative oxygen therapy and conventional oxygen therapy in ICU patients. Methods Databases，including PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，Cochrane Library，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，and CBM，were searched to collect randomized controlled trials about the effect of conservative oxygen therapy on mortality of ICU patients from inception to March 31，2022. After 2 researchers independently screened the literature，extracted the data and evaluated the bias risks of the included study，RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results A total of 9 studies were included，with 5 767 patients. Compared with conventional oxygen therapy，the results of meta-analysis showed that conservative oxygen therapy could reduce the short-term mortality of ICU patients[OR=0.79，95%CI（0.65，0.96），P=0.020] and shock[OR=0.33，95%CI（0.16，0.69），P=0.003]，liver insufficiency[OR=0.26，95%CI（0.10，0.72），P=0.009] and ICU acquired weakness[OR=0.50，95%CI（0.26，0.93），P=0.030]. However，there were no significant differences in 90 d mortality，incidence of new infection，duration of mechanical ventilation，length of ICU stay and length of hospital stay（P>0.05）. Conclusion Existing evidence suggests that conservative oxygen therapy can reduce short-term mortality in ICU patients and the incidence of shock，liver insufficiency，and ICU acquired weakness. However，whether it has advantages in 90 d mortality，new infections，and length of hospital stay remains to be further explored.

Objective To investigate the rehabilitation effect of swelling fluid cold therapy at different temperatures on patients with lower extremity varicose veins（LEVV） under epidural anesthesia and local swelling anesthesia. Methods 101 patients undergoing epidural anesthesia and local swelling LEVV in a tertiary A hospital in Fuzhou for vascular surgery from December 2019 to March 2021 were selected as study subjects by convenient sampling method. They were randomly divided into 3 groups according to random numbers,namely test group A with 34 cases provided with 4~9 ℃ of swelling fluid,test group B with 34 cases provided with 10~15 ℃ of swelling fluid,the control group with 33 cases provided with 18~24 ℃ of swelling fluid. The rehabilitation of surgical limb pain value,ecchymosis area,the number of hematoma occurrence and complications in the 3 days of the 3 groups were observed. Results The differences of baseline data between the 3 groups were not statistically significant（P>0.05）;the pain scores of the 2 test groups were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. The skin ecchymosis area on the 3rd day after the surgery in the 2 test groups was lower than it in the control group with statistically significant differences（P=0.001）. There was no significant difference in the hematoma of the 3 groups on postoperative 3rd day（P=0.278） and no adverse reactions occurred in the 3 groups. Conclusion Intraoperative cold treatment with 4~9 ℃ or 10~15 ℃ swelling fluid in patients with LEVV can reduce the pain and ecchymosis area of postoperative 3 d.

Objective The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of different lengths of use of continuous glucose monitoring（CGM） system on glycaemic control in patients with diabetes,compared with routine nursing or self-monitoring of blood glucose（SMBG）. Methods 8 Chinese and English databases,such as PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library and Embase,were searched to include randomized controlled trials on the effects of CGM on glycated hemoglobin（HbA1c）,time above range（TAR）,time in range（TIR）,time below range（TBR） and mean glucose level（MG） in diabetic patients. The randomised controlled trials were collected from inception until August 2021,and the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16 software. Results A total of 11 publications were included,including 1 745 diabetic patients. The >16 weeks[MD=-0.23,95%CI（-0.35,-0.11）,P<0.001] and ≤16 weeks[MD=-0.40,95%CI（-0.42,-0.38）,P<0.001] glycated hemoglobin levels in diabetic patients using CGM,>16 weeks[MD=91.53,95%CI（65.77,117.28）,P<0.001] and ≤16 weeks[MD=128.68,95%CI（112.95,144.42）,P<0.001] glucose time in range,>16 weeks[MD=-45.10,95%CI（-76.34,-13.87）,P=0.005] and ≤16 weeks[MD=-80.37,95%CI（-96.05,-64.69）,P<0.001] glucose time above range,>16 weeks[MD=-31.83,95%CI （-44.11,-19.54）,P<0.001] and ≤16 weeks[MD=-20.90,95%CI（-37.45,-4.35）,P=0.010] glucose time below range,and ≤16 weeks mean glucose levels[MD=-0.40,95%CI（-0.54,-0.26）,P<0.001] have statistically significant differences but no statistically significant difference for >16 weeks mean glucose levels[MD=-0.22,95%CI（-0.48,0.04）,P=0.090]. Conclusion CGM was able to reduce HbA1c,increase TIR,and reduce TBR and TAR to improve glycaemic control in diabetic patients at different durations of use. As the duration of use increased,the improvement in TBR was more significant,while the improvement in HbA1c,TIR,TAR and MG gradually decreased,but the effect on long-term MG improvement was not significant,and more high-quality studies are still needed to further prove this.

Objective To search, analyze and summarize the relevant evidence of diet management of maintenance hemodialysis（MHD） patients during hemodialysis treatment,and to summarize the best evidence,so as to provide evidence-based bases of diet management of MHD patients during hemodialysis treatment for clinical nurses. Methods In March,2021,based on the pyramid model of evidence,the relevant literature was searched by computer,and the literature quality was evaluated and the extracted evidence was graded by the literature evaluation standard and evidence grading system corresponding to Evidence-based Healthcare Center of Joanna Briggs Institute（JBI）. The search time was from the establishment of the database to March 24,2021. Results A total of 8 pieces of literature were included and summarized as the best evidence,including 2 guidelines,2 expert consensuses,1 systematic evaluation and 3 clinical decisions,covering 6 aspects of diet management population,eating style,diet type,eating position,diet amount and diet characteristics during hemodialysis treatment. Conclusion The evidence of diet management of MHD patients during hemodialysis treatment provides effective evidence for standardizing the diet style of patients to reduce the incidence of hypotension and adverse events and improve nursing quality during dialysis. It is suggested that targeted evidence should be selected in combination with clinical situations,promoting factors,hindering factors and patients’ wishes when the evidence is applied.

Under the background of new medical science development,the current situation of postgraduate nursing education and training has internal advantages and disadvantages,as well as opportunities and challenges. It is necessary to comprehensively weigh external opportunities and challenges against internal advantages and disadvantages,and put forward corresponding countermeasures. This review explores the current situation of postgraduate nursing education in China,analyzes its strengths and weaknesses under the new medical background and proposes feasible development strategies to promote the training of postgraduate nursing education,so as to provide theoretical basis for cultivation of talents to adapt to the future social development.